Southwest Airlines Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Southwest Airlines - Case Study Example The challenges are: recession, intense competition, intensified airline regulations, uncertain weather conditions in new markets, and labor demands. The recommendations are: determine a succession plan, expand slowly to underserved markets, and strengthen the culture committee. Southwest Airlines is an example of a low-fare/no-frills airline with a point-to-point service strategy. It focuses on the southwest region of the U.S., where weather is more stable and delays are less frequent. The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 intensified competition because of the absence of government regulation in setting fares, allocating routes, and controlling entry and exit points. Instead of encouraging truly free competition, the Act benefitted large carriers who â€Å"cherry-picked† lucrative routes (Ginsberg & Freedman, p.260). A Porter’s 5-forces analysis reveals that the airline industry has intensive rivalry, high supplier power, low substitute, high buyer power, and high threat of new entrants. The strengths of Southwest are its good safety reputation, efficient services, low costs, strong corporate culture, strong customer and employee focus, and strong leadership. The weaknesses of the company are lower load factor, relatively low employee product ivity, slow expansion rate, dependence on the charismatic leadership of Kelleher, and reliance on passenger revenues. The opportunities are booming U.S. airlines industry, positive expansion in the US airfreight industry, underserved markets, increasing technology efficiency, and sympathetic business passengers. The challenges are recession, intense competition, intensified airline regulations, consolidation, uncertain weather conditions in new markets, and labor demands. The main problems of Southwest are: 1) it lacks succession planning; 2) it has a slow market expansion rate, because of its limited point-to-point service strategy; and 3) if Southwest changes its service

Intercultural Relations Essay Example for Free

Intercultural Relations Essay Question: There is no need to study intercultural relation. Discuss Communication occurs between individuals who have varying degree of intimacy within each other. Intercultural relations capability is the degree to which people effectively adapt his/her nonverbal and verbal messages to the appropriate cultural context (Kiss 2008). Intercultural relations can be taken place when individuals influenced by different cultural societies exchange shared meanings in communication. Yet, intercultural relations can be formed of different nationalities, different ethnic and even different religion, as well as communication among individuals of different sexual orientation. However, communicating and exchanging values within different culture of individuals is complex as communication process is apparently complicated involving cognitive process, cultural background, individual’s linguistic capability and even biological process. Stienfatt and Roger 1999, claims that one of the most illuminating aspects of intercultural communication is that it opens our minds to the interplay of varied influenced. The world these days is facing great challenges of an increasingly diverse in cultures. Interaction and exchanging values between individuals from different cultures can lead to a whole host of benefits, for instance establishing good relationships within society and healthier communities. Yet, culture allows individuals to connect in small communities to larger communities through exchanged experiences and values (Lull 1995). Intercultural relations assist students step back from their characteristic point of view of seeing the world and demonstrates the influences that have constructed the ways of viewing this world. Cited in Stienfatt and Roger 1999, Gitlin 1995 indicated the concept of people thinking that human think within the intellectual and cultural currents that surround them. Back into the last decade, invasion; colonialization; and warfare brought individuals among countries with divergent cultures into face-to-face contact. An improvement of technologies in communication and rapidly evolving the transportation has changed the way individuals interact and communicate with each other in terms of intercultural relations and communication. However, people from different cultures are usually representative of divergent norms and psychological elements. The crusade explored that communication through various cultures occurred among individuals by human nature. Jerusalem is one of great examples cities in Middle East where people in different cultures and religions; Muslims; Christian; and Jews living together in relative peacefulness and harmoniousness. After the fall of the Roman Empire, Jerusalem indicated that communication effectiveness among divergent cultures and religions are not relying on the study of intercultural relations. Nevertheless, cited in Yinyan 2013, Y. Y. Kim (1988) argued that person who wishes to accomplish an effective intercultural interaction in terms of intercultural relations must be equipped with skills and abilities to be capable and deal with dynamics of cultural diversity. Yet, cite in Sydney morning herald article, Munro (2009) had explored the experiences of an Australian diplomat who worked in Jakarta decided to resign from her workplace due to the strict rules of international diplomacy. The purpose of this essay is demonstrated the necessity of intercultural relations for human being and discuss the terms of intercultural. People are socialized in their own culture and also different in cultures are different norms. An effectiveness communication in intercultural relations can occur by human being in every generation as indicated in our predecessors in Crusades which is people should be culturally sensitive.

High Contact Service

High Contact Service Summary of the Reviewed Article High-contact service industries are those in which service employees and customers have close and direct interactions for a prolonged period of time (Chase, 1981). A high-contact environment of services has the characteristics of longer communication time, understanding of communication, and richness of the information exchanged (Kellogg and Chase,1995). In this article, the impact of employee satisfaction on, quality and operational performance in high-contact service industries is investigated. The hypothesized relationships among employee satisfaction, service quality, customer satisfaction, and firm profitability are examined. Employee satisfaction plays a significant role in enhancing the operational performance of organizations in the high-contact service sector. Firm profitability has also a moderate effect on employee satisfaction, which lead to a satisfaction-quality-profit cycle. The reason of conducting this research is that the research in operational management to invest igate the relationships between quality, customer satisfaction and business performance has been conducted (e.g., Heim and Sinha, 2001; Balasubramanian et al., 2003; Nagar and Rajan, 2005), but research on the impact of employee satisfaction on operational performance is relatively scarce. In order to represent the whole service firm, service employees are often the first party and therefore are essential to shaping customers perception of service quality (e.g., Parasuraman et al., 1985; Hartline and Ferrell, 1996). Service employees job is considered as a three-cornered fight, in which the organization and customer are at the two ends, while service employees are caught-in-the-middle among them, Bateson (1985). It is important for service employees to meet the target of productivity performance in the organization and to fulfill customers needs and external quality goals. Hypotheses There are four hypotheses made by the writers of this article with empirical support and theoretical backing of the previous studies that employee satisfaction, service quality, customer satisfaction, and firm profitability have relationships with one another. Hypothesis-1. Employee satisfaction has a positive influence on service quality. Hypothesis-2. Service quality has a positive influence on customer satisfaction. Hypothesis-3. Employee satisfaction has a positive influence on customer satisfaction. Hypothesis-4. Customer satisfaction has a positive influence on firm profitability. Data Collection This study was conducted in Hong Kong. They identify 12 main shopping areas in Hong Kong (e.g., Tsimshatsui and Causeway Bay) and they selected five major shopping centers randomly from each area. They choose small service organizations with only two to five service employees, because employee satisfaction level tends to be more consistent and easier to capture. in small organizations (George and Bettenhausen, 1990). To collect the data, they prepared survey packets, in which one shop-in-charge questionnaire and two service employee questionnaires are included and they choose eight different types of service shops. Results In their results they show that All the four hypothetical relationships were supported at the significance level of p = 0.01. The linkage between employee satisfaction and service quality (Hypothesis 1) is highly significant (P = 0.423, t = 4.778). Supporting hypothesis-2 service quality has a positive influence on customer satisfaction (P = 0.287, t = 3.33). Employee satisfaction has a significant and direct impact on customer satisfaction, H-3, ( P = 0.234, t = 2.77). The relationship between customer satisfaction and firm profitability (Hypothesis 4) is also highly significant (P = 0.270, t = 3.64). Hypothesized model Alternative Models In this study, the writers have also made some alternative models which shows the different relationships among employee satisfaction, service quality, customer satisfaction, and firm profitability. They did this work keeping in view the point of Bentler and Chou (1987), who said that to shed light on the key features of the hypothesized model, the researcher should build a few alternative models in an ideal situation. Critical Review In this article, it is asserted that employee satisfaction is an important determinant of operational performance and is crucial in achieving quality and profitability in the service industry. While in another research paper it is suggested that customer satisfaction has a significant impact on financial performance, findings also suggest that employee satisfaction has no direct impact on financial performance because the relationship between employee satisfaction and financial performance is an indirect one, which is mediated by customer satisfaction(Christina G. Chi *, Dogan Gursoy, 2009). In another study of the relationship between employee loyalty, service quality and firm performance in the service industry, it is argued that employee satisfaction has no direct relationship with customer satisfaction. When there is an employee satisfaction, then employee loyalty is created which has the direct effect on customer satisfaction and employee loyalty is an important determinant of f irm profitability. In the same study it is concluded that a loyal employee has more opportunities to understand and fulfill the specific needs of the customers, leading to a greater impact of employee loyalty on service quality and if there is low contact time between employee and customer, then the relationship between employee loyally and service quality would diminish. Employee loyalty plays a significant role in enhancing the performance of organizations in high-contact service sectors and is used to boost service quality, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. Workers who are strongly committed to the organization or highly satisfied with their jobs show up at work more often than those with weak commitment and low satisfaction. Employees who are highly satisfied with their jobs and are strongly committed to the organization will avoid withdrawal behaviors, (like absenteeism, lateness), and maintain continued attachment to work (Blau Boal, 1989). An employee who is absent from work intentionally or unintentionally is expressing negative attachment to the organization. In the reviewed article a lot of material is written on the relationships between employee satisfaction, service quality, customer satisfaction and financial performance and it is highly asserted that employee satisfaction is very important and cannot be neglected in any case. But how an employee satisfaction can be gained, it is not emphasized. In another research, some factors are mentioned as antecedents of employee satisfaction. These antecedents are the employee empowerment, Employee training, teamwork, appraisal systems, and employee compensation. When an organization focus on these factors, then employee compensation is automatically created. All employees will become satisfied, when they are given empowerment, training, teamwork, compensation and their efforts are appraised. Formal and informal training could focus on instilling the employees with the thought that service quality involves also transferring positive emotions to customers. The writers of study have found that top management commitment has a positive impact on all the antecedents. And as a result, all these factors have a positive impact on employee satisfaction (Minjoon Jun , Shaohan Cai , Hojung Shin, 2005). Relevant to the Organizational Policies This topic is highly related to our subject that is organizational policies, because while making policies, employee satisfaction cannot be neglected. Oliva and Sterman (2001) unambiguously showed that maximizing throughput that drives employees to working overtime traps service organizations in a vicious cycle of declining service quality, causing severe and permanent financial losses. There is a concept of balanced scorecard, where employee morale and growth, internal business process, customer satisfaction and financial measures are regarded as four balanced quadrants that drive the strategic initiatives of an organization (Kaplan and Norton, 1996). In case of a lack of focus on any of these four perspectives, the entire organization will be thrown out of balance, causing strategic efforts in operations to collapse. As it is concluded that organizational profitability emanates from satisfied employees, so it is suggested that organizations in high-contact service industries should thus focus their efforts on improving employee satisfaction, and only satisfied employees can maintain the service quality and ensure customer satisfaction.

Technology, Privacy and Credit Card Fraud Essay -- Exploratory Essays

Technology, Privacy and Credit Card Fraud The advancement of technology over the years appeared to be the greatest thing known to mankind.   With the Internet, the world is at one's finger tips and just about anything can be accessed using it.   This is not necessarily a good thing, with crimes like creidt card fraud going around.   The number of credit card fraud incidents is rapidly increasing as the years progress.   Anybody with a credit card could possibly be a victim of this crime and it should be taking seriously.   One’s life could be ruined if their information gets into the wrong hands.   Around the holidays, most consider shopping via Internet the most safe and convent way to go.   You never leave the house, so there is no need to worry about those thieves running the streets snatching bags and picking pockets.   But, shopping online holds risks just as great as shopping in the stores.   The Internet may say your information is safe and will not be shared with anyone else, but who really knows?   Very rarely people find out their victims of credit card fraud before too much damage has been done.   In East Lansing, there were two cases of credit card fraud within this past year.   According to an article in The State News, Sadia Zoe Tabie- Bogne was arrested on November 10, 2004 for two counts of credit card fraud.   She has stolen and made over $3,000 worth of purchases, with at least $2,800 of it being stolen from her husband.   All of Sadia's victims have been international students, her husband included.   Sadia Zoe Tabie- Bogne's pre-trial is scheduled for November 24, 2004.   Denita Dorsey is faced with twenty seven charges of identity theft/ credit card fraud this month also.   The May graduate has stolen more than $1... ...t year.   The number of incidents and the amount of monetary lost has drastically increased over the past four years.   Privacy is being invaded by technology in more ways than you know. Works Cited * Houghton,   Shannon.   " E.L. resident arrested for credit card fraud."   The State News November 17, 2004 * Mullins, Marcy.   â€Å"Net’s global reach gives criminals an open door.† USA Today October 21, 2004.: 2B * Nordberg, Jenny.   â€Å"Criminals Focus on Weak Link in Banking: A.T.M Network.†Ã‚   The New York Times August 3, 2003.: 24 * Anonymous. â€Å"Identity Theft.† Identity Theft Protection Information and Resource Center. 16 November 2004. <http://www.identity-theft-protection.com/tips.htm> * Anonymous.   â€Å"Federal Trade Commission: Your National Resource for Identity Theft.†Ã‚   ID Theft.   11 November 2004. <http://www.consumer.gov/idtheft/law_investigate.html>.

International Economics Essay

1. Why did the Mercantilists consider holdings of precious metals so important to nation-state building? (6 points) Wealth was viewed as synonymous with holdings of precious metals. Nation-states wished to become wealthy and this meant obtaining large holdings of precious metals. It is also argued by some that the shortage of coinage constrained the growth of these nation-sates and that precious metals were required to increase the supply of coinage (money) in order for the countries to grow. 2. Assume that both the United States and Germany produce beef and computer chips with the following costs: (12 points) a. What is the opportunity cost of beef (B) and computer chips (C) in each country? In the United States: the opportunity cost of one unit of beef is 2 chips; the opportunity cost of one chip is 1/2 unit of beef. In Germany: the opportunity cost of one unit of beef is 4 chips; the opportunity cost of one  chip is 1/4 unit of beef. b. In which commodity does the United States have a comparative cost advantage? What about Germany? The United States has a comparative cost advantage in beef with respect to Germany, while Germany has a comparative cost advantage in computer chips. c. What is the range for mutually beneficial trade between the United States and Germany for each computer chip traded? The range for mutually beneficial trade between the United States and Germany for each unit of beef that the United States exports is: 2C < 1B < 4C d. How much would the United States and Germany gain if 1 unit of beef is exchanged for 3 chips? Both the United States and Germany would gain 1 chip for each unit of beef traded. 3. â€Å"If U.S. productivity growth does not keep up with that of its trading partners, the United States will quickly lose its international competitiveness and not be able to export any products, and its standard of living will fall.† Critically evaluate this statement in light of what you have learned in chapter 3 of the textbook. (10 points) This statement could be true if trade was based on absolute advantage. However, since trade can take place on the basis of comparative advantage, what counts is relative cost differences. Consequently a country can be less efficient or become less efficient in all goods and yet again from trade as long as there are relative cost differences in autarky. Thus, different rates of productivity growth may change what a country exports, but it is unlikely that it would ever take away the basis for trade, its ability to expert. 4. The following table shows the number of days of labor required to produce a unit of textiles and autos in the United Kingdom and the United States: (12 points) Textiles Autos United Kingdom 3 days 6 days United States 2 days 5 days a. Calculate the number of units of textiles and autos that can be produced from 1 day of labor in each country. In the United Kingdom one day of labor can produce 1/3 of a unit of textiles and 1/6 of a unit of automobiles. In the United States, one day of labor can produce  ½ of a unit of textiles and 1/5 of a unit of automobiles. b. Suppose that the United States has 1,000 days of labor available. Construct the production-possibilities frontier for the United States. 500 U.S c. Construct the U.S. consumption-possibilities frontier with trade if the terms of trade are 1 auto: 2 units of textiles. 500 textiles U.S d. Select a pre-trade consumption point for the United States, and indicate how trade can yield a consumption point that gives the United States greater consumption of both goods. 500 textiles U.S 5. In the previous question, suppose that the United States always wishes to consume autos and textiles at the ratio of 1 auto to 10 textiles. What quantity of each good would the United States consume in autarky? What combination would the United States consume with trade and complete specialization? What would be the gains from trade? (10 points) In autarky, the production ( and consumption ) of textiles and autos will utilize all the available 1000 days of labor. Thus, with T = number of units of textiles produced and A = number of autos produced, 1000 = ( 2 days / unit) T + (5 days / unit )A. The consumption requirement is that 10 units of textiles be consumed for every unit of automobiles. Hence, total textile production is equal to (10) ( total auto production), 10A thus, given the available labor, and substituting 10A for T, 1000 = (2)(10A) + 5 A A= 40 units If A = 40 units, then textile production and trade, textile production equal 500 units. Consumption of textiles (CT) is equal to textile production minus the textile exports used to enquire auto imports, and auto imports are equal to auto consumption (CA). With the international terms of trade of 1A:2T, auto imports = (1A/2T)(exports of textiles) = (1A/2T)*(textile production – textile consumption). By the demand assumption, consumption of auto is also equal to (1/10)(textile concumption). Hence , CA = (1/2)(500 –CT ) and CA = (1/10)(CT). Thus, (1/2)(500- CT) = (1/10)(CT) 250 – (1/2)(CT) = (1/10)(CT) 0.6CT = 250 CT = 416 2/3 units With Ct = 416 2/3 units, CA therefore equals 41 2/3 Unitts. Because of specialization and trade, the united States had gained 16 2/3 Units of textiles ( 416 2/3 – 400 ) and 1 2/3 ( 41 2/3 – 40 ) in comparison with autarky situation. Another method of arriving at these results is to utilize the equations for the PPF and for the consumption pattern. In autarky the PPF equation is T = 500 – 2  ½ A, and the consumption equation is CT = 10CA. Solving the two equations for the two unknowns yields A = CA = 40 and T = CT = 400. With  trade, the equations to be utilized are for the consumption- possibilities frontier with trade has the equation T = 500 – 2A. When this equation is put with the consumption equation CT = 10 CA and the two equation are solved for two unknowns, the equilibrium results are A = CA = 41 2/3 AND T = CT = 416 2/3

IMF in Korea essays

IMF in Korea essays The subject matter that will be discussed within this paper are the effects of the IMF (International Monetary Fund) in relation(s) to South Korea and other neighboring Asian countries in the same economic distress. It will also tie into the use of media and other aspects of international communications Korea and the United States used to cover the crisis. The economic crisis of South Korea has hit many of the citizens of Korea very hard. Many companies went bankrupt and with that many people lost their jobs. This economic crash was not only felt by the Koreas living in Korea, but also by the ones who live abroad. Many international students had to return back home because they could no longer afford the expenses with studying abroad. Store owners in Korea who lived in the United States would more than likely lose their businesses. Overall, the economic crash is effecting our United States economy greatly. It began with the devaluation of currency in Thailand in July of 1997. Afterwards, many other Asian countries were to follow such as the Malaysia, Philippines and of course South Korea. Media coverage of the economic situation was and still is now, being highly covered. All the major news stations are covering how this situation is having adverse effects to not only the Korean nation, but the United States also. Many goods that the United States export to Korea and other Asian countries cannot be bought due to the lack of money. As the crisis has unfolded in Asia, the IMF has become, at least for this brief moment in history, almost a household name. But even if the institution has become more well known, its role in Asia and more broadly in the world economy is not widely understood. Despite the back-to-back corporate failures and resulting financial jitters, Korea has asked the United Nations to help with their crisis. The involvement of the United Nations has increased the media coverage of the Asian crisis. The actions they ...

7 Heavenly Bodies as Sources of Adjectives

7 Heavenly Bodies as Sources of Adjectives 7 Heavenly Bodies as Sources of Adjectives 7 Heavenly Bodies as Sources of Adjectives By Mark Nichol 1. Earth Through in modern usage our planet’s Latin name, Terra, appears only in science fiction, the adjective terrestrial is often employed to refer to phenomena associated with Earth or with land as opposed to water. It is also the root of extraterrestrial, the term for any (so far conjectural) life-form that does not originate on Earth, or for anything existing or occurring beyond the planet. Terrestrial also refers to the inner planets of the solar system as a category. (See the next entry for the classification for the outer planets.) It can also mean â€Å"mundane,† as does terrene, which has the additional sense of â€Å"earthly.† (Terrene is also a noun referring to the planet or its terrain and that word, like terrarium, also stems from the Latin term terrenum.) 2. Jupiter Jovial means â€Å"jolly, convivial† not traits associated with a god normally generally depicted with a stern visage. However, this is the word medieval astrologers used to describe those characteristics, which they ascribed to the influence on the planet on human behavior. The adjectival form for referring to the god or to the category of gas giants typified by the planet Jupiter is Jovian; this is also the term for referring to the planet’s natural satellites in fact and fiction and to fictional inhabitants. 3. Mars Because of its belligerent-looking red glow, Mars was associated in ancient times with conflict, and the Romans named it after their god of war. The adjective martial (â€Å"martial law,† â€Å"martial arts,† court-martial the hyphen in the last word is a holdover from the term’s French origin) refers to war and fighting. 4. Mercury Someone with an unpredictable or volatile personality is said to be mercurial, thanks to an association with Mercury, the swift messenger of the Latin gods. (The liquid element mercury, also known as quicksilver, was perhaps given that name because of its rapidly free-flowing quality.) But the adjective is also associated with eloquence and ingenuity, as well as larcenous behavior. Why? The god Mercury was considered the protector of thieves as well as merchants and travelers, who would appeal to the deity to favor them with speed. The planet Mercury was so named because of its fast orbital velocity. 5. Moon Like Terra, Luna, the Roman name for the Moon, seems to appear only in science fiction these days. But lunatic, meaning â€Å"foolish† or â€Å"insane,† is common, albeit mostly in the nonclinical sense. (Lunacy, another word for insanity, and the adjectival form derive from the onetime notion that phases of the Moon affect mental instability.) Lunar, however, is the adjectival form for scientific references to Earth’s natural satellite. 6. Saturn The Roman god said to have been the father of Jupiter was associated with traits opposite to those of the scion who usurped his rule; a saturnine person is gloomy, sardonic, and surly, as opposed to the jovial type, though the adjective also has the neutral sense of â€Å"sluggish† and â€Å"serious.† This temperament was said in the Middle Ages to be the influence of the planet farthest from the Sun (or the one believed at the time to be the most remote) and the slowest. But the god was also identified with justice and strength, as well as with agriculture, and later was celebrated in the weeklong winter-solstice feast known as the Saturnalia, when the rules of moral conduct and social status were suspended. That name, with the initial letter lowercased, now refers to any unrestrained merrymaking. 7. Venus A supposed inhabitant of Venus is a Venusian, of course, but another term influenced by the name of the Roman goddess of love and beauty may surprise you. Because of Venus’s association with sex as well as affection and attractiveness, her name was the inspiration for venereal, which means â€Å"relating to sexual pleasure or indulgence† but is almost exclusively employed to refer to sexually transmitted infections or diseases. However, another variation has a more positive association: To venerate is to admire, honor, or respect (the noun form is veneration), and venerable refers to someone or something considered deserving of one of those types of regard. It is also synonymous with sacred and can apply to a person, place, or thing that through age and/or accomplishments earns esteem. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Inquire vs EnquireThe Many Forms of the Verb TO BEOne "L" or Two?

Caring For Vulnerable Adolescents Social Work Essays

Caring For Vulnerable Adolescents Social Work Essays Caring For Vulnerable Adolescents Social Work Essay Caring For Vulnerable Adolescents Social Work Essay Lovingness is considered to be an indispensable facet of nursing. One of the many features that a nurse must possess is holding echt attention and concern for the client, who can either be an single, a household or a community. Madeleine Leininger emphasizes that the human lovingness, although a cosmopolitan phenomenon varies among civilizations in its look, procedures and forms. Experts in nursing rank Filipino nurses on a par with, if non the best workers in the universe. Filipino nurses were really willing to assist when the installations were short of staff, particularly on weekends when cipher wanted to describe for work. Most of all, they demonstrated a more lovingness and respectful attack in covering with their patients. It is these alone traits that give them the border among other races. But the caring trait of Filipinos is non entirely identified to nurses. In the Philippines, we can happen other professions and occupations that provide unconditioned attention to those in demand particularly kids. Certain organisations like the Virlanie Foundation Inc. have house parents. A houseparent is an grownup in charge of a group abode. They give the kids family undertakings and guarantee that they do their prep. More significantly, they make certain they re cared for and loved. In other words, a house parent is besides a attention giver. As nursing is a caring profession, this survey will seek to research other occupations that the primary undertaking is to care and how lovingness for persons particularly those who are vulnerable and in a important phase of life, conveying about life fulfillment. The topographic point where the survey was conducted in Virlanie Foundation. The Virlanie Foundation in Makati is a non-government organisation that cares for street kids who are neglected, abused, abandoned, exploited and hapless. Dominique Lemay Founded this non-profit organisation it is supported by 200 staffs, voluntaries and association of givers and patrons. They provide place, household, shelter, nutrient, vesture, instruction and wellness services. The establishment has plans that allow kids in demand to go productive, autonomous and independent citizen. It started rendering services with two residential places and household plan in which they have community outreach in the underprivileged countries in Metro Manila. This was followed by other residential places like Elizabeth place for abused misss, Aime in kids with particular demands. And for those immature female parents who can non back up by their relations are populating in Mother and kid place and as clip base on ballss by the establishment extended up to seven places. The particular houses that have been chosen were the Aime which caters for the mentally challenge persons, Ellah Yallah and Gabay buhay for kids who are abandoned and neglected. These places where providing striplings who are abused, neglected, abandoned, hapless and mentally challenged. Conceptual Model Shelter Food Health Services/ Benefits Income Opportunity for personal growing Satisfiers DISSATISFIERS HOUSE Parent Understaffed Poor support Lack of installations Untoward behavior of kids Unhealthy working environment overworked Emotional fulfillment Job dissatisfaction Figure 1. Conceptual Diagram The survey focuses on the house parents working in a particular establishment. Satisfiers like wellness benefits, shelter, nutrient, income and chances for personal growing will assist the respondents achieve emotional fulfillment. If the respondent is fulfilled, public presentation of responsibilities will be good If certain dissatisfiers like hapless support, overworking, understaffing, unhealthy working environment, and deficiency of installations, so the respondents will non be motivated to execute their responsibilities good as a house parent. Statement of the Problem This survey will find the house parent fulfillment in caring for vulnerable groups of striplings at Virlanie Foundation Inc. Specifically, it will seek replies to the undermentioned inquiries: 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in footings of: Age Gender Family Structure Educational Background Work Experience Socio economic Status 2. What is the respondent s capacity in the lovingness for vulnerable groups of kids at Virlanie Foundation Inc. in footings of: Education Ability Attitude What are the respondent s influences in the lovingness for vulnerable groups of kids at a Virlanie Foundation Inc. in footings of: Drives Goals Needs What type motivational inducements do the respondents receive while working as house parents at Virlanie Institution Inc. in footings of: Monetary inducements Non-monetary inducements How make the respondents set their ends in life as they work as house parents at Virlanie Foundation in footings of: Clarity Challenge Committedness Feedback Complexity of undertakings What type of demands are being achieved by the respondents while working as house parents at Virlanie Foundation Inc. in footings of: Physiologic demands Security demands Social demands Esteem demands Self-actualization demands Are the respondents fulfilled in working as a house parent at Virlanie Foundation Inc. ? Hypothesis There is no fulfillment achieved by the house parents in caring for vulnerable striplings at a particular establishment. Significance of the Study One factor that the research workers considered in choosing the subject of the research is its significance. This is to guarantee that the research to be conducted would function a intent. Since many of the old researches that were conducted is about the response of the kids to care or to mistreat, the research workers have decided that there is a demand to analyze about the attention givers because it can profit the followers ; First to profit from the survey is the foundation itself. By analyzing the factors that affect degree of fulfilment that the health professionals get in their occupation, the establishment will be able to better their direction and staff satisfaction. The survey would assist them see the needful betterments that they need to better employee satisfaction. Being cognizant of these factors, the direction would be able to increase the staffs motive with respects to rendering attention. Besides, holding good motivational factors for employees can assist in pulling more voluntaries for the foundation Second are the house parents, non merely from the Virlanie Foundation but besides those in other particular establishments. The research would assist them to better understand themselves in footings of their work. This would give them a clear image on what factors affect their work public presentation. Having this in head, the staff will be cognizant on what they need to make in order to better their public presentation. The survey would besides demo them that the house parents are non entirely in their protagonism and that there are besides people sharing the same experiences. With this, they would ever be reminded of the grounds on why they are making what they are making at nowadays. The institutionalised kids would besides profit from the research. This is because the research workers are analyzing the factors that affect the sort of attention given to them. By reciting the things that help better the degree of attention given to them by their house parents, the attention for the kids in the establishment could be improved. Therefore, the kids would be happier at the same clip, the kids would have the optimum attention that they need. Student nurses, the readers and the research workers would besides profit from the survey particularly those who are interested in the particular field of nursing. The survey would be able to supply information about how to better worker satisfaction in this sort of establishment. Besides they would besides be able to appreciate the work better. These people would cognize the existent value of charity and forbearance in taking attention of kids with particular demands In footings of instruction, this would assist in the construct of leading and direction. The research falls under the staffing construct. Determining how to pull off your staff, how to acquire more staff, how to develop and on how to actuate your staff can be seen in this survey. This would give professors a concrete illustration on what to make to better quality of attention in an establishment. And it would prove the motivational theory in direction. And in conclusion, this research is important to the nursing field, particularly to particular countries nursing. The survey in a sense would assist advance the work of a nurse working in a particular establishment. Since non many are interested in working in establishments like Virlanie the survey would assist nurses and other voluntaries to better understand the value of the being portion of the wellness attention squad of the establishment. By analyzing the fulfilment that the house parents get in taking attention of kids, it is possible that more nurses would be motivated to work in this field. This could besides assist those seeking for occupation chances because the survey lets them cognize that nurses are needed non merely in the infirmary. Scope, Delimitations and Limitations of the Study The survey is focused chiefly to those house parents who look after those vulnerable stripling at a particular establishment. The research workers interviewed five house parents coming from Aime, Gabay buhay and Ella Yallah place. The survey consisted of the end product given by the house parents to the research workers through the usage of interviews. The research workers used open-ended and structured inquiries. In add-on, the research workers immersed themselves for 1 whole twenty-four hours to be able to familiarise and see what it is like to be a house parent even merely for a twenty-four hours. Furthermore, the survey aims to acknowledge its deduction to nursing pattern as it seeks to detect the house parents satisfaction in life amidst all the jobs they encounter at work and in caring for those striplings. Besides, this survey will assist pupil nurses understand more on how is it to be a house parent in a particular establishment. The survey took 3 months to be completed. Definition of Footings Listed below are some of the nomenclatures used by the research workers throughout the full survey. Caring. This is what the house parents and the establishment spring to the vulnerable striplings. This means to look after the striplings and maintain them in a good province or status. Adolescent. It is a term used in the survey to stipulate the age group of vulnerable persons the research workers are mentioning to Fulfillment. This is a feeling of satisfaction that the respondents get from the particular establishment and the attention they render to the vulnerable striplings in that establishment. House parent. This refers to an grownup in charge of a group abode. This is termed as the respondents of the survey. Incentive. It is something motivational that the respondents gain or benefit from the establishment. This may be pecuniary or non-monetary inducements. Particular establishment. This refers to the Virlanie Foundation, an establishment which chiefly provides diagnosings, intervention, or attention of individuals with or without particular diseases. This is where the survey will be conducted. Vulnerable. This refers to the striplings who are weak and without protection, with the consequence that they are easy hurt physically or emotionally. This is used to depict what sort of striplings is being cared by the house parents. Notes 1Barbara Kozier et al. , Fundamentalss of Nursing, 7th erectile dysfunction. ( New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc. , 2004 ) , 7-8. 2http: //www.wright.edu/cola/Dept/social_work/sw_definition.html Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature and Surveies These articles and surveies have been found by the research workers to be utile and contributory to back up this undergraduate thesis. Local Literature Social work is family-oriented and societal workers are enjoined to utilize the entire household attack. Familism is a extremely valued in the Philippines because it is known to be the basic unit of life in a community, unlike in the Western states where the cultural trait of individuality is greatly valued. In this state, much importance is given to the public assistance and involvement of the household over the public assistance and involvement of the community. Since Filipinos are family-centered, the societal worker is good advised to retrieve that the household is the footing of group action.1 In relation to the survey, this article helps the research workers understand the attack that societal workers and voluntaries use in taking attention of the kids in the establishment. Children are in the establishment because they were left at that place by their households. This makes it harder for them because they now know that the group that is supposed to assist them and that is supposed to understand them has lost their religion in him/her. So societal workers help non merely the kids but besides the other members of the household to understand the state of affairs. With the aid of the other members of the household, it would be easier to convey about alteration in kids that have lost their manner. Besides one time the household has already accepted and is now knowing about the state of affairs, it would be easier for them to accommodate, and for the kid, cognizing that his/her household is at that place to back up her, he/she would endeavor harder to alter. But for those abandoned kids who feel like they do non hold a household any longer, establishments and societal workers help in doing them experience that they have a 2nd household in them. They make the kids feel that they are non entirely, and that they have person that they could tilt on. In an article from the book Introduction to Social Work, a instance of a psychiatric patient was referred to a societal worker because the household were happening it more hard to manage the state of affairs. The patient went in and out of infirmaries. This becomes a fiscal load for the household. The societal worker diagnosed the job as the inability of the parents to manage down the state of affairs and that their header capacities were unequal. So the societal worker s end was to alter the twosome s ways of managing their kid s state of affairs. A hebdomadal series of household Sessionss were held to enable the parents to acknowledge their failings on managing the state of affairs. After the hebdomadal Sessionss, the parents felt that they would now be able to get by. They recognized that it was their mode of managing the job that aggravated it. Self-awareness made them recognize that they would hold to alter their manner of responding to their kid s behaviour.2 Since the survey focuses non merely on the house parents but besides the kids in the establishment, this literature would edify the research workers and the readers on why people leave their kids in establishments like Virlanie Foundation, Inc. Many households in this state have fiscal trouble, so holding a mentally-ill kid would be an extra load to them. The initial reaction of parents is to panic. They keep stating that they would hold to work harder to do money so that they can direct their kid to a head-shrinker. Sometimes, the parents give up, without cognizing that they excessively need to alter in order to do their kid better. These parents focus more on the failing of the kid and they forget that they excessively have their ain failing. Because of this, people surrender their kid to establishments like Virlanie, or sometimes they merely allow their kids wander in the streets until other people find them. Lack of religion in their kid and in their egos may be the major ground why people find many abandoned kids in establishments like Virlanie. Fortunately, there are still people that aid these kids and even households that need reding, even though they do non acquire paid for their work. In the survey, the research workers aim to happen out why these house parents and even voluntaries are still eager to assist these kids whom they do nt truly cognize and what is the driving force that urges them to transport out these occupations when even the parents of the kid has already given up. Mother Teresa, known to be the laminitis of Missionaries of Charity, and the poetry in the Bible from James 1:26-27 The true faith that God accepts, are those who take attention of the orphans and the widows, were the things that influenced Lorraine for seting up an orphanhood. Together with her hubby, they established an orphanhood for kids who have lost their manner. They want to give a 2nd opportunity at life to the abandoned, abused, neglected, and orphaned kids. They were brought together by their shared passion for raising childs. They named it Faith, Hope, and Love Kid s Ranch because those were the things they want to offer to the kids: religion in God, hope because those kids did nt hold it, and love as the key. They provide basic demands for those childs such as nutrient, vesture, shelter, wellness attention, and instruction. Aside from academic topics, the twosome, together with a squad of instructors, inspire these kids with religious, moral, and ethical values through Christian education.3 Other abused kids were rescued by a curate and his married woman and were brought to Cavalry Chapel Home, a topographic point where abused and handicapped kids were taken attention of. The orphanhood provides non merely the basic necessities, but they besides provide Bible surveies. The kids said that did non come to an orphanhood ; they came to a place where they were given a household as their ain, and a sort of love that is stronger than any biological bond.4 Religion has been a large influence to missionaries. There are people who believe that they have this naming for functioning people in demands. They offer aid and service because they know they are capable of making it, they are instruments of God s love, and they find joy and fulfillment in functioning other people. In relation to our survey, house parents render attention to those vulnerable striplings because they were someway influenced non merely by their equals or the influence of money they can acquire from functioning, but besides the faith they came from. Furthermore, the establishment non merely provides basic demands but besides religious and moral values that those kids can utilize on their mundane lives. The local literatures presented emphasized about understanding the psychiatrically ailment, abandoned, abused, and street kids and how the construct of household can assist convey these kids towards alteration. It besides stressed how faith influenced in assisting and functioning other people. At some point, these kids are in such establishments because their household has given up on them. This is the chief ground why the construct of household is being applied. Familism is adapted by some establishments because this can act upon alteration in them. The thought is to do this kids feel that they are appreciated and that they have a household who supports them. Those derelict kids who feel like they do non hold a household any longer, establishments and societal workers help in doing them experience that they have a 2nd household in them. They make the kids feel that they are non entirely, and that they have person that they could tilt on. Foreign Literature Job satisfaction plays a large function in prolonging a occupation for a long clip. Today s coevals is more aggressive as compared to the earlier coevalss where they got a occupation and they sustained that occupation for life. It neer mattered to them if they are non satisfied with their occupations and looking for another 1 that pays better. Presents, the tendency is being happy with your occupation. Borkar s article entitled occupation satisfaction factors enumerated several factors that keep an employee motivated and a happy worker in whatever workplace he or she is in. She emphasized that a satisfactory wage is one of the first that employees consider in achieving occupation satisfaction. If an employee is happy with the wage he or she receives, so it will demo in how productive he is at work. Personal development is the following that employees today consider in prolonging a occupation. An environment that provides changeless challenges and keeps him on the spell as he integrates all that he has, his accomplishments, cognition and expertness to make a solution allows an employee to turn out himself taking to occupation satisfaction. Recognition and encouragement dramas another portion in occupation satisfaction. Attempts that are punctually recognized encourage and actuate an employee to lend more to his company or organisation. Every individual has a end. Whether these ends be for personal or professional growing, if a occupation provides him chances to run into his ends, so it adds to the occupation satisfaction of the employee. And in conclusion, a good working status helps find occupation satisfaction. The external factor of the occupation and even the intra-personal relationships with his colleagues and the direction encourages employees to work better and go satisfied. But as alterations can non be avoided, when one keeps a occupation for a long term so weariness may be experienced. When this happens, it is of import to measure a personal development program to maintain motive and competence at its highest degree. Kung in her article entitled from weariness to fulfillment stated the four distinguishable stages of development and matching schemes to actuate towards deeper satisfaction and personal control. The first stage is the larning stage wherein there is high motive in employees to larn and execute. As there is an enthusiasm within them, they seek autonomous tools or on-job-trainings to feed this enthusiasm to larn. As employees continue to larn and better their accomplishments, they become performing artists. In the acting stage, there is high motive and high competence. Finally, as their accomplishments broaden and go on to develop themselves, they continue to execute and go experts in their Fieldss. But when these extremely skilled persons lose their motive but continue to execute the same type of work, they are in the keeping stage. The comfort zone that they have attained is one of the grounds why even though they know they are better off someplace else, they continue to maintain their occupations and execute the same type of work. Admiting personal dissatisfaction, taking stairss to bring out grounds for discontent and analyzing what is to be changed must be done by the employee a personal contemplation and rating and possibly calling guidance are some of the options one can take from to recover the inspiration and motive for people in the keeping stage. As personal look and growing is hindered while executing the occupation, a slow decay in the spirit happens and therefore impacting the public presentation when the public presentation is affected, this is when the direction begins to detect and falling in the last stage, the fighting stage. And two options are left, bettering or go forthing. Improvement does non merely affect the employee but besides the direction every bit good. To forestall employees from falling in the keeping stage, the direction has to happen ways to forestall employee burnout. Elizabeth Scott s what makes some occupations more nerve-racking defined a burnout and what are the factors that can be avoided by companies to forestall a burnout from go oning. A burnout can be described as the extinction of motive or inducement, particularly where 1 s devotedness to a cause or relationship fails to bring forth the coveted consequences. All companies and organisations in any field of work must forestall their employees from sing this. There are several factors that contribute to occupation burnout. Ill-defined demands and impossible demands puts employee at a higher hazard for occupation burnout since with ill-defined demands, employees do non cognize how and where to get down in the first topographic point. While impossible demands employees will set in on a batch of attempt to make such impossible demands without experiencing successful at all. It is accepted that occupations have their crunch times but it will ever be followed by down-times but when these crunch times becomes longer and going more frequently, outweighing the down-times, so employees have no clip to retrieve from the intense work and emphasis that they have gone through. As worlds, we are bound to do errors, but if we have really large effect together with an occasional error, work becomes nerve-racking and therefore adding up to the burnout that has been constructing up. When people feel that they are restricted to show their exhilaration and creativeness in executing the occupation or determination devising, they feel that they lack personal control and once more, burnout may happen. Recognition of achievements encouragements an employees morale so companies must seek to appreciate the attempts of their staff in order to actuate them to go more productive at work. When an employee has a job and ca nt decently discourse it with person who is in a place to assist, this can take to feelings of low personal control. Communication is ever a key to a good working relationship. In occupations which are more nerve-racking and demands greatly of your clip, accomplishment and attempts but can non counterbalance with a fat payroll check, so employees will lose the motive to work. And in conclusion, a company s leading goes a long manner to forestall a burnout. If the company s leading are concerned non merely on the net income that they can do but besides the wellbeing of their employees or staff, so employees will be happier, motivated and more productive. But employees should non at all times blame the emphasis that they experience on the direction. Some of the emphasiss in the workplace can besides be self-inflicted by the employees themselves. And forestalling a burnout is non entirely on the custodies of the direction but besides the employees themselves. Another article by Elizabeth Scott entitled how to cover with emphasis at work enumerates some ways on how an employee in any field of industry can make merely that. First, she said that get downing your twenty-four hours right is of import. A nerve-racking forenoon makes you more reactive to emphasize at work. So it is of import tos tart off the twenty-four hours with good nutrition, proper planning, and aA positive attitude because most likely, you may happen the emphasis of the workplace turn overing off your back more easy. One of the declared factors that contribute to burnout are ill-defined demands. For the employees side, when this happens, be certain to ever speak it ou t with your supervisor because like what was said before, good communicating is ever a key to a good working relationship. It is of import to maintain interpersonal relationships in the workplace at harmoniousness. A struggle in the workplace takes a toll on the physical and emotional wellness, and because struggle among colleagues is so hard to get away, it s a good thought to avoid struggle at work every bit much as possible. So avoiding struggles means remaining off the chitchat and off from people at work who do nt work good with other, maintaining most of personal sentiments to yourself and maneuvering clear off office wit is a cardinal. Staying organized prevents employees from all the rushing and negative effects of jumble. This makes them more efficient and decreases the emphasis at work. Last, avoid multitasking. Even though multitasking maximizes one s clip, his focal point is sacrificed and therefore making emphasis in the workplace. Local Surveies Foreign Surveies Taking attention of the stripling is different from taking attention of a kid. But taking attention of a particular stripling is another concern for most of the health professionals. They have different demands compared to a normal kid and to a normal stripling. Health professionals should hold forbearance in covering with those particular striplings because most of the clip they will non listen and will make whatever they want to make. There will ever be a state of affairs where the health professionals will go stressed out because of these striplings active behaviour. Most of the clip they hurt others that causes fright to the health professional in managing them, particularly for the first timers. Harmonizing to the survey of Jenna Cheese entitled, Caregiver Role Strain due to Bipolar Disorder in Children, it says that because of the fright those particular striplings give to their health professionals, they are holding a difficult clip showing their attention. Sometimes the re lationship between the stripling and the health professional is normally distracted by the fright of being hurt physically and emotionally. Resulting to those health professionals to give up and allow travel with those striplings. Some health professionals lack information in taking attention of a particular kid or striplings. But there are ways to give them extra cognition for them to hold assurance in managing those kids. As stated at the above article, aˆÂ ¦ primary health professionals do non hold appropriate resources and instruction to give the upmost attention to their kid. Nursing intercessions can assist by educating the health professionals of the upset and informing them of interventions, promoting the usage of support systems, and join forcesing with multiple health care and community resources. Therefore, it is helpful to educate them such as giving seminars on how to render attention efficaciously without sing emphasis. Therefore, before managing a kid with particular demands, health professionals should be instructed foremost on what to anticipate, how to manage them and how to learn them with their mundane modus operandi. In relation in taking attention of a particular stripling, a ignored and abused stripling have a different demands. They have acquired many effects, such as physical and psychological effects, that they may take throughout life. In the article about Long-run Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect, that there are surveies that province many possible effects when the kid is abused and neglected. These effects may be mild or terrible, may last for merely a short period or even for a life-time. As a consequence the kid is affected physically, psychologically and behaviorally. Talking about health professionals committedness, Health professionals are frequently dedicated to their work and is peculiarly loyal to the one whom they normally give attention. Committedness with striplings depends on what features do they have. In the survey Caregiver Commitment to Foster Children the Role of Child Behavior, they have found out that the kid s behaviour is closely associated to the committedness of the health professional. As stated, Health professionals were more committed to kids who had low degrees of health professional reported behavior jobs than to kids who had high degrees of health professional reported behavior jobs. It is true that if a kid has a behaviour job, one would easy give up. Unlike a kid without an attitude job, resonance between health professional and the kid would be easy gained and therefore your committedness with them will be longer. Taking attention of these kids and striplings are known to be impermanent. When the clip comes that t hey will be reunited with their true household, health professionals frequently have the difficult clip to accept t

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Arizona Statehood and Constitution - Essay Example According to Lockwood (2008), the first country that had dominance over Arizona was Spain in the 1500’s. In this period, it established a colony on the ruins of Aztec empire which was named New Spain. In the year 1539, father Marcos de Niza explored Arizona, claiming it for Spain. In the year 1752, Spanish made its first settlement in Tubac after facing a lot of revolts from Papango and Pima tribes. The future colonization of Arizona was anticipated to come from the south making it to part of Mexico. In the year 1756-1763, there was French and Indian war which lasted for seven years due to land disputes was won by Britain. The Spanish gave up west and east Florida to the English for it to get Cuba in return. In the year 1776, a Spanish fort was built at Tucson. United States declared independence in the same year while French declared war against Britain in the year 1778 and made alliance with American revolutionary forces. The year 1783 saw the signing of the treaty of Paris by the Great Britain and the United states. In the year 1812, there was a war between Great Britain and America which ended in stalemate but gave America its independence. In the year 1821 Mexico gained military control of Arizona. The Mexican war was won by the United States in the year 1848 and got gain of all Arizona and north of the Gila River by a treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. In the year 1853, the United States purchased the rest of Arizona through the Gadsden Purchase to gain its full control. Copper was discovered in Arizona in the year 1854. The year 1861-1865 saw the emergence of the American Civil War. John Brown invaded Hepers ferry in the year 1859 which brought in motion series of events that led to the outbreak of the civil war. Abraham Lincoln was then elected president and the south succeeded in the year 1861. In the year 1862, the Apaches attacked soldiers at the pass of Apache which began a ten year war with the settlers. The

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Joblessness - Essay Example Apart form the recession, dynamic changes like globalization and free trade has had a negative impact on the employment situation in the United States. Jobs have been outsourced at the cost of employment back home, leaving many people in a state of joblessness. This paper studies the impact of joblessness among the middle and upper aged population in the United States with reference to sociological perspectives. Middle aged joblessness results in financial and psychological stress, but has one advantage in the sense that such persons are better equipped to teach their children how to cope in the ‘new risk economy’. During the course of this research, four arguments will be discussed. The first one is that, the new risk economy is harsher on middle aged and older employees with regard to being jobless. The second is that, in times of recession in the economy, qualification, experience and age is given preference over youth and lack of experience. The third argument is that joblessness will lead to lower levels of commitment and will result in unemployed middle aged and older workers to become free agents. The fourth is that the life course of the jobless has changed drastically when shifting from the Fordist era to the new risk economy era. According to Goldsmith et al, unemployment has two adverse effects on the society, the economy, and the individual and their families. For them, â€Å"one is the output foregone that could have been produced if unemployed workers had been productively employed. The second is the psychological damage suffered by unemployed workers and their families† ( Goldsmith, Veum & Darity, 1996). Companies are now looking at minimizing costs in order to remain competitive, and one of the ways in which this is accomplished is through reduction in the number of employees. Increasing globalization coupled with

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An Affluent Society and the Sixties - Essay Example Due to increase in the population in the suburbs there was increase in the demand of cars and gasoline which led to the decline of city business. In the year 1954 the phrase â€Å"under God† was made part of Pledge of Allegiance and â€Å"In God we trust† was included on all currency of the US in 1955.There was religious revival during the 1960’s as the percentage of people going to church and synagogue increased to 60%.Rock n roll music was introduced and Elvis Presley became the idol of the youth. There was also a change in the concept of racism as new black artist were encouraged and were given a platform to show their talent. A major change which took place was that family togetherness became the top priority. During the 1960’s most of the people joined politics and they took active part in the civil rights and anti-war movements. In the 1960’s most of the emphasis was laid on women’s rights and in 1966 the National Organization for Women (NOW) was established. In my opinion the most significant change that took place in the 1960’s was economical because social security was expanded from self-employed persons to farmers and military personnel tge and the federal minimum wage was also increased. Steps were also taken to minimize Federal budget was and keep inflation under control.

Which city should hold the common wealth games montreal or kuala Essay

Which city should hold the common wealth games montreal or kuala lumpur - Essay Example It was then set to be held in Montreal. In 1946 the event was temporarily abandoned following the outcome of the war and has henceforth continued beginning 1950. The Commonwealth Games as an event normally sees such sporting activities as athletics, boxing, fencing, golf, gymnastics, tennis, Taekwondo, netball, rowing, rugby wrestling and weightlifting, just to mention a few, take place. In total, 21 sports have been approved by the Commonwealth Games Federation for the event. The games are categorized into three; core sports, optional sports and recognized sports. In every Commonwealth Games event, the core sports must be featured at the very least. Several optional sports may be picked for playing by the host nation. The recognized sports on the other hand can only be picked if the federation’s requirements in respect of the same have been fulfilled. Hosting of the international event is normally a privilege to the host country as it stands to gain in various aspects. The host country gains economically, socially and politically while at the same time receiving international attention and recognition. The massive influx of tourists and sport participants sees the host country earn a lot of foreign exchange as its nationals offer services to the visitors. Furthermore, the country’s gross domestic product for the year is bound to increase following the increase in business before, during and after the event. Two cities that have sought to host the Commonwealth Games are Kuala Lumpur and Montreal. The paper discusses the two countries in view of their suitability as hosts for the international event. Based on the discussion, a conclusion will be made stating which of the two cities is more suitable as host to an international event of this capacity. The Commonwealth Games is an international event that attracts several athletes, participants, commentators, media, organizers, business organizations, government agencies and international

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The Impact of Inward FDI on Host Countries - Essay Example Discussion The impacts of inward FDI on host countries Transfer of resources Inward FDI has various effects on host countries. Grimwade (2000) indicates that inward FDI has the effect of transferring resources whereby resources such as technology, capital and management are transferred during investment. Capital transfer increases the capital stock in a host country while the transfer of management leads to the improvement of management skills in this country. Moreover, during transfer of resources, host countries may benefit from new technologies from the foreign investors. Overall, the transfer of the aforementioned elements leads to an increment in the host country’s productive potential as it leads to the increase of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Host countries have witnessed substantial economic growth due to FDI. This growth, alongside other benefits, has heavily depended on various factors. The multinational corporations in host countries have raised funds in these countries through bank loans, issuing shares or issuing bonds to the investors in these countries. However, such a move has not yielded the result of transfer of capital and it has instead pushed the costs of raising capital for the firms in the host countries. ... (2004) indicate that some MNCs from industrialized countries have introduced capital-intensive methods in countries that require labor-intensive methods owing to abundance in labor there. Furthermore, management skills and technologies brought to the host countries may have a little benefit to their economy in case they are not passed on to the employees in the local firms. Balance of payments and trade Buckley and Casson (2002) reveal that through inward FDI, host nations have been able to enjoy positive effects on their balance of payments in the short run. The inflow of foreign capital has benefited the capital account of balance of payments, with the current account improving due to a decrease in imports or an increase in exports. Foreign companies also face the need to import various parts and components from their parent companies during their early stages. Moreover, there is a possibility of large inflows emanating from the foreign countries pushing the exchange rates, which r enders the exports less lucrative and increases competition. Appreciation in the exchange rates may have the effect of attracting speculative capital inflows, which may push the rate further and lead to its overshooting. In case the central bank wants to prevent the rise of the rate through selling currency to foreign money holders, there will be an increase in the supply of money, which culminates into inflation. In the end, there will be an outflow of FDI when the parent companies are paid dividends and interest payments (Jones, 2005 ). Employment Dicken (2007) highlights that inward FDI has the effect of increasing employment in the host countries. This is a direct effect of FDI as the foreign firms in these countries are able to employ workers who might not have attained any form of

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Molecular Basis of Disease - Lab Report Example People lacking the absorption ability of vitamin B12 remain with the disease for the rest of their lives. Parietal cells found in the gastric cells are responsible for production of hydrochloric acid which is important in digestion as it provides a favorable medium for enzyme reaction. The serum found from patients having this disease react with ? and ? sub units. The antibodies are used for diagnostic purposes. This experiment involves testing of serum of antibodies from various patients to determine if they react with the sodium pump which contains ? and ? sub units. This will help in diagnosing pernicious anemia. A mouse is used in this experiment since its stomach structure is similar to that of a man. A primary antibody and a secondary antibody are also used in this experiment as they react with the mouse antigens. Anti proton pump of a human being can also cross react with proteins of the mouse making the mouse a favorable specimen for the experiment. From the experiment we exp ect antibody response to help us diagnose pernicious anemia. Aims The aim of this experiment is to determine whether samples from patients contain antibodies and also to diagnose patients having the disease through Western blotting; Immuno histochemistry using the gastric proton pump. Materials and Methods The materials used includes; SDS polyacrylamide gel (80%, resolving gel 40% upper stacking gel), Gel running buffer (25 mM Tris, pH 5.3, 0.192M Glycerin, 0.1% SDS), Gel apparatus, power supply, mouse stomach protein,5? SDS sample buffer (0.315 Tris, pH 6.8, 25% glycerol 10% SDS, 5% 2-beta mercaptoethanol, 0.025% Bromophenol blue), Protein MW standards, heat block, Gel loading tips, transfer apparatus, transfer buffer (25mM Tris, 192mM glycine,20% methanol), nitrocellulose membrane, filter paper, 0.1% Ponceau in1% acetic acid, 0.1M NaoH, TBS Tris buffered saline, Blocking solution TBS containing 5% skim milk powder. Materials required to obtain a mouse stomach include; a slide cont aining section of mouse stomach, xylene, hemoglobin, acid alcohol, Scott’s tap water, eosin, DPX mounting media and cover slips. Procedure to obtain mouse stomach morphology The slide containing mouse stomach is incubated in xylene and ethanol for two minutes respectively. After this the slide is rinsed in tap water for 30 seconds. The slide is then incubated in the hemoglobin for 2 minutes. The slide is rinsed again in tap water for 30 seconds after which it is placed in 1% acid alcohol for 3 seconds after which it is rinsed again in tap water for 30 seconds. The slide is incubated in Scott’s tap water for 30 seconds after which it is swashed in water for 30 seconds. The slide is then placed in eosin for 4minutes and excess is blotted off by a paper towel. The slide is then placed in 80% ethanol and again 90% after which the slide is incubated in ethanol for 2 minutes then allowed to air dry. A drop of DPX mounting medium is placed on the section and then covered by a cover slip. An observation is made under the microscope and diagrams made as follows. Fig 1 showing a mouse stomach with Haematoxylin To prepare the stomach protein sample, 200Â µl of protein is placed into a microfuge tube and 50Â µl 5? SDS sample buffer is added. The marker and the protein sample tubes are spine for a few seconds to bring the liquid to the bottom of the tube. The MW markers and proteins are then loaded using a special gel loading tips. The apparatus is then connected to a power supply of 200V and run for 1 hour until

Which city should hold the common wealth games montreal or kuala Essay

Which city should hold the common wealth games montreal or kuala lumpur - Essay Example It was then set to be held in Montreal. In 1946 the event was temporarily abandoned following the outcome of the war and has henceforth continued beginning 1950. The Commonwealth Games as an event normally sees such sporting activities as athletics, boxing, fencing, golf, gymnastics, tennis, Taekwondo, netball, rowing, rugby wrestling and weightlifting, just to mention a few, take place. In total, 21 sports have been approved by the Commonwealth Games Federation for the event. The games are categorized into three; core sports, optional sports and recognized sports. In every Commonwealth Games event, the core sports must be featured at the very least. Several optional sports may be picked for playing by the host nation. The recognized sports on the other hand can only be picked if the federation’s requirements in respect of the same have been fulfilled. Hosting of the international event is normally a privilege to the host country as it stands to gain in various aspects. The host country gains economically, socially and politically while at the same time receiving international attention and recognition. The massive influx of tourists and sport participants sees the host country earn a lot of foreign exchange as its nationals offer services to the visitors. Furthermore, the country’s gross domestic product for the year is bound to increase following the increase in business before, during and after the event. Two cities that have sought to host the Commonwealth Games are Kuala Lumpur and Montreal. The paper discusses the two countries in view of their suitability as hosts for the international event. Based on the discussion, a conclusion will be made stating which of the two cities is more suitable as host to an international event of this capacity. The Commonwealth Games is an international event that attracts several athletes, participants, commentators, media, organizers, business organizations, government agencies and international

Molecular Basis of Disease Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Molecular Basis of Disease - Lab Report Example People lacking the absorption ability of vitamin B12 remain with the disease for the rest of their lives. Parietal cells found in the gastric cells are responsible for production of hydrochloric acid which is important in digestion as it provides a favorable medium for enzyme reaction. The serum found from patients having this disease react with ? and ? sub units. The antibodies are used for diagnostic purposes. This experiment involves testing of serum of antibodies from various patients to determine if they react with the sodium pump which contains ? and ? sub units. This will help in diagnosing pernicious anemia. A mouse is used in this experiment since its stomach structure is similar to that of a man. A primary antibody and a secondary antibody are also used in this experiment as they react with the mouse antigens. Anti proton pump of a human being can also cross react with proteins of the mouse making the mouse a favorable specimen for the experiment. From the experiment we exp ect antibody response to help us diagnose pernicious anemia. Aims The aim of this experiment is to determine whether samples from patients contain antibodies and also to diagnose patients having the disease through Western blotting; Immuno histochemistry using the gastric proton pump. Materials and Methods The materials used includes; SDS polyacrylamide gel (80%, resolving gel 40% upper stacking gel), Gel running buffer (25 mM Tris, pH 5.3, 0.192M Glycerin, 0.1% SDS), Gel apparatus, power supply, mouse stomach protein,5? SDS sample buffer (0.315 Tris, pH 6.8, 25% glycerol 10% SDS, 5% 2-beta mercaptoethanol, 0.025% Bromophenol blue), Protein MW standards, heat block, Gel loading tips, transfer apparatus, transfer buffer (25mM Tris, 192mM glycine,20% methanol), nitrocellulose membrane, filter paper, 0.1% Ponceau in1% acetic acid, 0.1M NaoH, TBS Tris buffered saline, Blocking solution TBS containing 5% skim milk powder. Materials required to obtain a mouse stomach include; a slide cont aining section of mouse stomach, xylene, hemoglobin, acid alcohol, Scott’s tap water, eosin, DPX mounting media and cover slips. Procedure to obtain mouse stomach morphology The slide containing mouse stomach is incubated in xylene and ethanol for two minutes respectively. After this the slide is rinsed in tap water for 30 seconds. The slide is then incubated in the hemoglobin for 2 minutes. The slide is rinsed again in tap water for 30 seconds after which it is placed in 1% acid alcohol for 3 seconds after which it is rinsed again in tap water for 30 seconds. The slide is incubated in Scott’s tap water for 30 seconds after which it is swashed in water for 30 seconds. The slide is then placed in eosin for 4minutes and excess is blotted off by a paper towel. The slide is then placed in 80% ethanol and again 90% after which the slide is incubated in ethanol for 2 minutes then allowed to air dry. A drop of DPX mounting medium is placed on the section and then covered by a cover slip. An observation is made under the microscope and diagrams made as follows. Fig 1 showing a mouse stomach with Haematoxylin To prepare the stomach protein sample, 200Â µl of protein is placed into a microfuge tube and 50Â µl 5? SDS sample buffer is added. The marker and the protein sample tubes are spine for a few seconds to bring the liquid to the bottom of the tube. The MW markers and proteins are then loaded using a special gel loading tips. The apparatus is then connected to a power supply of 200V and run for 1 hour until

Open Method of Coordination Essay Example for Free

Open Method of Coordination Essay 1. Introduction: This paper aims to offer an assessment of OMC performance in relation to its goals and methods. A determination therefore will be made on whether OMC goals are met and what obstacles have been met in attaining said goals. In order to attain this purpose, we will define the Open Method of Coordination (OMC), find its goals and reasons why it was introduced into EU policymaking, followed by a brief overview in academic literature. Secondly, we will analyse the concept of social inclusion/exclusion (according to Atkinson). Thirdly, we will analyse whether OMC’s social inclusion made any improvement since Lisbon through the National Actions Plans and any other possible base. 2. Analysis and discussion 2.1 Define the Open Method of Coordination (OMC) its goals and reasons why it was introduced into EU policymaking.   What is OMC’s overview in academic literature? Summit at Lisbon in March 2000 Hughes, K. (2001) said that at the DOT.COM Summit at Lisbon in March 2000, the EU set itself the strategic goal of creating full employment in a competitive and inclusive knowledge-based economy. The author stated that to reach this goal, EU prime ministers announced the adoption of a new open method of co-ordination, which is based on benchmarking and spreading best practice. Such method the author said is really intended to help member-states converge towards common objectives in areas such as employment, economic reform and social cohesion. The objective of full employment (Grubel, 1977) will always be an objective of every right-thinking state for the fulfilment of which guaranties peace and security among citizens. The four stages of OMC as described by Hughes, K. (2001) includes the following: First, EU ministers agree on policy goals in the area concerned.   Second, member-states translate these guidelines into national and regional policies, with specific targets.   Third, the ministers agree on benchmarks and indicators, to measure and compare best practice within the EU and worldwide.   Finally, through evaluation and monitoring, member-states performances are assessed relative to each other and to their declared goals. Hughes, K. (2001) also posited that advocates of this soft (i.e. not law-based) approach argue that it enables member-states to co-operate closely, yet recognizes their diversity and avoids forced harmonization. The author also opined that the approach allows co-coordinated action in areas where it would be politically difficult, or even impossible, to move forward through a common policy or legal framework.   In addition, the author said that it allows for a concerted EU approach while leaving legal competence and authority with the individual member-states.   Thus, Hughes, K. (2001) concluded that progress can be made through open co-ordination where otherwise there would be none. To balance the claim of OMC, Hughes, K. (2001) noted the fear of the critics, who believe that open co-ordination is at best a talking-shop and at worst a weapon aimed at the traditional Community method of European integration. Thus the author said: â€Å"They view the new approach as a Trojan horse for more inter-governmental decision-making. Whether they are right will become apparent as the targets of the Lisbon summit are met or not over the next few years. The more difficult question is whether it is indeed another tool for integration, or rather a move towards increased, and perhaps less effective, inter-governmentalism.† To produce a set of common but not legally-binding, objectives for tackling poverty and exclusion would seem to be an useless exercise since everything would be based on voluntary decision of the members since whatever may be agreed upon are not legally binding. But this was what happened at Lisbon where the EU leaders suggested that open co-ordination should apply to areas such as social exclusion, enterprise and e-Europe, where most or all powers remain with the member-states. Hence, Hughes, K. (2001) noted that the member-states will produce national action plans for reaching these objectives, on which the Commission will then comment. OMC therefore seems to be a unique way of solving problems among members where the absence of legally binding rules will not hinder the members to act on what is beneficial to them. The members states must really have to rest on the strength of the political pledge to the development, on its professed worth and efficacy, and on peer pressure and public support. The European Economic Integration It would be incomplete to look at OMC if none is mentioned about European economic integration. Wikipedia (2006) acknowledged the fact that thee OMC was first applied in EU employment policy, as defined in the Amsterdam Treaty of 1997, although it was not called by this name at the time. It stated that OMC was officially named, defined and endorsed at the Lisbon Council for the realm of social policy and since then, Wikepedia (2006) said the approach has been applied in the European employment strategy, social inclusion, pensions, immigration, education and culture and asylum. Tsoukalis, L. (1997) in describing the process of European economic integration said: â€Å"It concentrates mainly, although not exclusively, on the more recent phase which started around the mid-1980s and which has been characterized by a continuous expansion of the European agenda, the strengthening of intra-European economic ties, the transfer of new powers to common institutions, as well as the geographical extension of what we may call the European economic system.   †¦.   The process of integration has always been characterized by fits and starts, by bursts of activity which have often been followed by crisis and relative inaction. In the early 1990s, the economic and political climate changed once again, the deterioration of the macroeconomic environment being accompanied by successive crises in the exchange markets and growing scepticism about the future of European integration. Unemployment rates reached dangerous heights, while economic growth receded. And the armies of unemployed began to seriously threaten Europes welfare systems. Yet the process of integration did not stop; far from it. And the plan for EMU has remained on the table with a treaty seal on it. The remaining years until 1999 are therefore most likely to be dominated by preparations for the historic rendezvous with the single currency, a rendezvous which, if it does take place as scheduled, some countries at least are bound to miss.† Tsoukalis, L. (1997) also said that during the same period, the EU has gone through two more rounds of enlargement, with the accession of five new members (without counting the accession of the Eastern Là ¤nder following Germanys unification). Mentioned by the author was also the fact EU has also gone through two major treaty revisions, linked to the internal market program and EMU respectively, while a third one is under negotiation as of 1997 then. The author argues that those developments show hardly any signs of withering away. On the other hand, the same author said that there is the allegedly unstoppable trend of economic globalization which, according to so many experts and laymen, leaves little room for public regulation and effective intervention, citing as examples Ohmae (1990), Hirst and Thompson (1996) and Boyer and Drache (1996). The author also posited that European integration has indeed evolved within the context of growing international economic interdependence, a term still often used instead of globalization by the less exuberant representatives of the economics profession. 2.3 Analysis of the concept of social inclusion/exclusion (according to Atkinson). OMC could not be discussed in isolation with social inclusion/exclusion, hence out understanding of the OMC necessitates us to look more on the concepts of social inclusion (Planning Portal, 2006) and social exclusion (Kerrycdb, n.d.). Atkinson, et. al. (2002) described the concept of social inclusion and exclusion as follows: â€Å"I know there is some scepticism about the open method of coordination given its character of soft law. Yet I am convinced that an effective open method of coordination in the field of social inclusion can play a crucial political role at this stage in European politics. It will create a common understanding of our core social values that goes beyond solemn declarations at the level of heads of state and government, and so should enable us to define in a more precise way the substance of the European Social Model. It has, then, the potential to be a powerful driver.† (Emphasis supplied). The optimism of the authors (Richardson, 1994) is readily evident.   In certain circumstances, a law may have power to demand compliance (Hutter, 1997) but one could hardly limit human freedom to choose (Hill, 1993) and decide for the themselves. On discussing Principles of Indicator Construction in relation to social inclusion/exclusion Atkinson, et. al. (2002) said:   â€Å"†¦ it is an important feature of this process that the policies to achieve social inclusion are the responsibility of member states, under the subsidiary principle. Social inclusion is to be promoted through the method of open coordination, as described above. Member states are to agree on the objectives of policy, but they will be free to choose the methods by which these objectives are realized. One member state may achieve low poverty rates by active labour market policy; another may place greater reliance on social transfers. In one member state transfers may be provided by the state, in another transfers may be private. In one member state training may be associated with apprenticeships; in another, it may be part of the school system. This we have taken to mean that, for the present purpose, the social performance indicators should in principle be concerned with outputs rather than inputs. The aim is to measure social outcomes, not the means by which they are achieved. †¦.† Readily evident is the fact that indicators social inclusion/exclusion be seen in outputs and inputs that Atkinson, et. al. (2002) went further saying: â€Å"While we regard total spending on education, for example, as a measure of the resources being put into education, and hence would prefer a measure of educational attainment, we recognize that the availability of teachers may be an index of educational opportunities. If our concerns are forward-looking, then we may take into account the possibility that one can benefit from a service in the future. Confidence in the future can be improved by the existence of services; they have an option value that is a form of current output. A sense of exclusion may be generated by the absence of educational or health facilities. A person may be over school age but still feel that the absence of a secondary school in his or her town is a factor in social exclusion.† (Emphasis supplied) On discussing Social Indicators from a Member State Perspective, Atkinson, and et. al. (2002) said: â€Å"For a valuable review of both European and national initiatives, predating the National Action Plans on Social Inclusion, readers are referred to Vranken et al. (2001).† The same authors also made comparison of the conceptual frame-works adopted in different countries, the databases employed, and the indicators used. After which they consolidated national reports on poverty and social exclusion that have been formed by official and academic researchers. Further, the same authors said: â€Å"Member states differ in the degree to which they have set explicit targets for combating social exclusion. In some cases there are strategies aimed at promoting social inclusion that already include explicit targets and indicators against which to measure the effectiveness of policy. Some countries, such as Ireland, have set a national objective for the reduction of financial poverty; others have adopted a set of progress indicators by which performance is to be evaluated; and still others monitor the trends in poverty and social exclusion in a less structured manner and without pre-commitment to identified targets.† Based on said premises the author opined that the amount of space allocated to each country varies. He was quick however to mention that in each case, however, a National Action Plan on Social Inclusion (NAPincl) was submitted to the Commission in June 2001 and that the NAPincls were requested to state the progress aimed for by national policies and to list the indicators used to assess progress, and the European Union is to move from that base towards commonly agreed and defined indicators.   (Paraphrasing made) 2.3 Did the OMC social inclusion made any improvement since Lisbon like through National Actions Plans? Although there are several members stated which have adopted jointly the OMC as strategy, what is cited in answer to the question is that one involving U.K. OMC social inclusion made any improvement since Lisbon on different occasions based in the following: a. On National Actions Plans European Commission, Employment Social Affairs, Social Inclusion (2006) on Implementation and update reports on 2003-2005 National Action Plans on Social Inclusion said: â€Å"The second UK NAP (2003-05) maintains the process of developing a broad and comprehensive strategy. Facilitating access to employment for those capable of working is at the centre of the strategic approach and has been helped by continued good economic and employment growth. The strategy also envisages the provision of good income support and high quality social services to those who cannot access work. Among the groups identified as requiring special support are: lone parents; the long-term unemployed; older people; those with few or no qualifications; ethnic minority communities; sick or disabled people; and residents of deprived neighbourhoods. The strategy involves commitment to a number of targets, supported by national indicators, most notably the aim of eradicating child poverty by 2020.†Ã‚   The Commission also noted that an important measure to help meet this target has been the provision of high-quality, integrated early-years education and health, family support and childcare services in the most disadvantaged areas. Hence, the Commission believes that these services will now be extended to cover all areas of England over the next ten years and it’s thus noted that the European Social Fund has a key role in support of the National Action Plan to help people develop their employability and skills, with a particular focus on unemployed and socially excluded people. b. On how open a member state to the process Armstrong, K. (2005) in concluding the paper â€Å"Implementing The Lisbon Strategy: â€Å"Policy Co-Ordination Through ‘Open’ Methods: How Open Is The United Kingdom To The OMC Process On Social Inclusion?† stated among other things, that his study has found examples of domestic adaptation to the OMC process on inclusion. He cited that these examples relate in particular to the mobilisation of anti-poverty networks and the willingness of central government civil servants to develop new working relationships with such networks. He thus mentioned that DWP and NGOs have joined forces to develop a participation tool-kit for the next round of NAPincls is an indication of a desire to break out of traditional bureaucratic routines and at least gives the appearance of a commitment to the NAPincls. The author further said that attitudes towards the NAPincls from the devolved administrations is more ambivalent, although the idea that the EU process might serve as a model for recasting the Northern Ireland anti-poverty strategy suggests a stronger adaptation dynamic at work here. Nevertheless, the author admitted the difficulty, that it is that it is hard to escape the conclusion that notwithstanding the elaboration of new processes, the UK NAPincl remains primarily a report and not a plan. He thus noted that to be sure, it has filled a gap between the central and devolved government social exclusion and anti-poverty reports and acts as an overview of the UK as a whole. The author also noted that the lack of synchronisation between the EU co-ordination processes and the domestic cycle of budget-planning and target-setting results in a reinforcement of the domestic arena as the key driver of social inclusion objectives, indicators and targets. This he believes undercuts the ability of the UK NAPincl to do more than report on what has already been agreed. (Paraphrasing made) Armstrong, K. (2005) also said that the research reported here also highlights two different political visions of the future of OMC. Particularly he noted the evidence of domestic adaptation – particularly at the level of central government – points to the importance of altering domestic mind-sets and routines in order to buttress commitments to political change. The alternative vision, however, the author observed is that is one that looks to EU institutions – in particular the European Council – to deliver high-level messages and to steer the Member States in the desired direction. He thus argued that it may not be a matter of choosing which vision to follow but the evidence of the Lisbon Strategy to date has been that there remains a gap between the big statements of political intention and delivery within the Member States. Thus he recommended that more needs to be done to uncover the domestic mechanisms of adaptation in order to explain the success or failures of the commitments made at Lisbon. (Paraphrasing made) Conclusion: There is evidence for a European to make a statement such as: â€Å"We are we a step closer to European Social Model and is the OMC the right approach.† OMC social inclusion made any improvement since Lisbon on the basis of the following: Although there is no legal compulsion to do things in OMC, there is evidence to say that voluntary actions do accomplish great things. Even in the absence of compelling force on the basis of legislation, people have goods reasons of accomplishing their political and economic purposes. The implementation of the OMC in the United Kingdom is one of the best proofs. Although more concrete proofs are still necessary to really declare that OMC will lead the members states to success, positive developments in the early implementation bears much goods results to further build upon. The power of humanity is not only manifested in having law to force them to move but also making them more willing effort to do things when they believe that right decisions just make many great things, and OMC is the one of these.